The ACA consists of other features, some of which are listed here.  You can find more details in the sections for small businesses with employees and small businesses without employees.

 

Illegal Immigrants

Illegal immigrants are not covered by the ACA.

 

Legal Immigrants

Legal immigrants are not allowed coverage under Medicade until after 5 years.

Legal immigrants can get their insurance through the exchanges.

Types of Coverages from the Exchanges

Sec.1302
See the entire law

On the exchanges all insurance companies will have to offer the same plans.  The difference in the type of plans reflect the different levels of cost sharing between you and the insurance company.  The different plans will be as follows:

Bronze:  Covers 60% of your medical cost

Silver:  Covers 70% of your medical cost

Gold:  Covers 80% of your medical cost

Platinum:  Covers 90% of your medical cost

See more on Exchanges.

Qualified Health Insurance

Sec.1301
See the entire law

Effective January 1, 2014.

The ACA dictates that you must have a qualified health plan.

The government will determine what is a qualified health insurance plan and which ones are not.

A qualified health plan will mean that you have to pay for features you do not want.

The Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPBA)

Sec. 3403
See the entire law

The law creates the IPBA which is a 15 member board of unelected cost-cutters.  The IPBA's mission is to identify cuts from medical institutions that treats senior citizens.  They will make recommendations on what doctors and medical institutions are paid.
Income Tax Penalty/Individual Shared Responsibility
Sec.5000
See the entire law

Starting in 2014 everyone must have insurance or pay a penalty.

Individual Penalty:  starts at $95.00 per year or up to 1% of income.  In 2016 it will increase to $750.00 per year or 2.5% of income.

Family Penalty:  the tax will be $2,085.00 or 2.5% of household income.

See the IRS Q&A web page on Shared Responsibility.
Cosmetic Surgeory Tax
Sec.5000B
See the entire law

Effective January 1, 2010

The ACA imposes a 5% tax on any cosmetic surgeory.

Cosmetic surgeory is defined as sguregory that is not necessary to ameliorate a deformity arising from, or directly related to, a congenital abnormality, a personal injury resulting  from an accident or trauma,  or disfiguring disease.